Morphometric, Meristic and Conditional Factor Characterization of Redbelly Tilapia (Coptodon zillii) in Lake Komadugu, Yobe State, Nigeria
Asian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Research,
Page 21-32
DOI:
10.9734/ajfar/2021/v11i630221
Abstract
This research was carried out to study the morphological characteristics of Coptodon zillii from Lake Komadugu in Yobe State, Nigeria using morphometric measurements, meristic counts and length-weight relationship. A total of 60 specimens of Coptodon zillii were purchased from the fisher folks at landing site in Lake Komadugu, examined and analyzed for morphometric and meristic characterization. The results revealed that all the morphometric characters of C. zillii in Lake Komadugu varied whereas some meristic characters including mean number of rays on pectoral fin (8.00 ± 0.00), pelvic fin ray (5.00 ± 0.00), anal fin spine (3.00 ± 0.00), pelvic fin spine (1.00 ± 0.00) and number of lateral line (2.00 ± 0.00) were constant. A significant linear relationship was established and represented by the equation: W =0.008SL2.097 (r =0.6410 d.f. = 58) for male, W =0.001SL3.013 (r = 0.9600 d.f. = 58) for female. Mean condition factor which was not significantly different (p>0.05) showed that male C. zillii had 1.80 ± 0.27, female (1.92± 0.26) and pooled sex (1.86 ± 0.25). Findings of this study implies that C. zillii from Lake Komadugu are in good health. In conclusion, these findings are very useful in stock assessment, population dynamics, sustainable management and conservative measures of C. zillii in Lake Komadugu.
Keywords:
- Coptodon zillii
- Lake Komadugu
- meristic counts
- morphometric character
How to Cite
Felix, E., Oscar, E. V., & Victory, A. O. (2021). Morphometric, Meristic and Conditional Factor Characterization of Redbelly Tilapia (Coptodon zillii) in Lake Komadugu, Yobe State, Nigeria. Asian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Research, 11(6), 21-32. https://doi.org/10.9734/ajfar/2021/v11i630221
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Yemi IY, Sani OA, Mshelia MB, Onimisi HU. The length-weight relationship and condition factor of the banded Jewel fish (Hemichromis Fasciatus) from Kainji Lake Nigeria. Conference Proceeding at Kebbi state. 2007:15-18.
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Lim CE, Webster CD. Tilapia: Biology, culture and nutrition. Food Products Press, New York, USA. 2006;469- 501.
Cruz EM, Ridha M. Overwintering tilapia, Oreochromis spilurus gunther, fingerlings using warm underground sea water. Aqua. and Fish. Mgt. 1994;25(9):865-871.
Eze F, Eyo VO. Effect of wonderful kola seed meal (Buchholzia coriacea) on growth, masculinizing potency and gonadal gross morphology of the Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus, linnaeus 1758). J. of Aqua. and Fish Health. 2019; 8(3):191-198.
Penna-Mendoza B, Gomez-Marquez JL, Salgado-Ugerte IH, Ramirez-Nogguera D. Reproductive biology of Oreochromis niloticus (Perciformes: Cichlidae) at Emiliano Zapata dam, Morelos, Mexico. Res.Biol. Trop. 2005;53(3-4):515–522.
Ridha MT. Tilapia culture in Kuwait constraints and solutions. Naga World Fish center Quarterly. 2006;29(3&4):71-73.
Turan C. Stock identification of mediterranean horse mackerel (Trachurus mediterraneus) using morphometric and meristic characters. ICES J. of Mar. Sci. 2004;61:774-81.
Naeem M, Salam A. Morphometric study of fresh water bighead Carp Aristichthys nobilis from Pakistan in relation to the body size. Pakistan J. of Bio. Sci. 2005;8(5):759-762.
Deesri U, Cavin L, Claude J, Suteethorn V, Yuangdetkla P. Morphometric and taphonomic study of a ray-finned fish assemblage (lepidotes buddhabutrensis, semionotidae) from the Late jurassic-earliest Cretaceous of Thailand. Geological Society, London, Special Publications. 2009;315:115-124.
Sedaghat S, Hosseini SA, Fazel AA. Morphometric and meristic characteristic studies of loach, Paracobitis malapterurus in the zarrin- gol, river, east of the Elburz Mountains (Northern Iran). Amer. Eurasian J. Agric and Envtal. Sci. 2012;12:1282-1287.
Carpenter K, Sommer EHJ, Marcus LF. Converting truss interland mark distances to cartesian coordinates. In: Marcus LF, Corti, Loy A, Naylor G and Slice DE, (Eds). Advances in Morphometrics, New York Plenum Publ. 1996;284:103-111.
Devi NT, Khumar F, Siddiqui MS. Observations on the morphometric characters of the catfish Rita rita (Ham.) of the river Yamuna. J. Inland Fish Soc. Ind. 1991;23(1):52-58.
Kohinoor AHM, Saha NC, Akhteruzzaman M, Shah MC, Mahata SC. Morphometric characters and their relationship in red tilapia (mutant Oreochromis mossumbicus X Oreochromis niloticus). Bangladesh J Fish. 1995;15(18):19-24.
Narejo NT, Jafri SIH, Shaikh SA. Studies on the age and growth of palri, gudusia chapra (clupeidae: teleostei) from the Keenjhar Lake (District Thatta) Sindhu, Pakistan. Pak. J. Zool. 2000;32:307-312.
Murta AG. Morphological variation of horse mackerel (Trachurus trachurus) in the Iberian and North African Atlantic: Implications for stock identification. ICES J. of Mar. Sci. 2000;57(4):1240-1248.
Pinheiro A, Teixeira CM, Rego AL, Marques JF, Cabral HN. Genetic and morphological variation of Solea lascaris (Risso, 1810) along the Portuguese coast. Fish. Res. 2005;73(1-2):67-78.
Goncalves JMS, Bentes L, Lino P, Ribeiro J, Canario AVM, Erzini K. Weight-length relationships for selected fish species of the smallscale demersal fisheries of the south and south-west coast of Portugal. Fish. Res. 1996;30(3):253-256.
Froese R, Pauly D. Fishbase: Concepts, design and data sources. Naga. 1998;293.
Mohammed EHA, Mwanja MT, Muwanika V, Nyakaana S, Masembe C, Mbabazi D, et al. Population morphological variation of the Nile Perch (Lates niloticus, L. 1758), of East African Lakes and their associated waters. Afr. J. of Env. Sci. and Tech. 2011;5:941-949.
Mwanja MT, Muwanika V, Nyakaana S, Masembe C, Mbabazi D, et al. Population morphological variation of the Nile perch (Lates niloticus, L. 1758), of East African Lakes and their associated waters. Afr. J. of Env. Sci. and Tech. 2011;5(11):941-949.
Omoniyi IT, Agbon AO. Morphometric variations in Sarotherodon melanotheron (pisces: cichlidae) from brackish and fresh water habitats in South-western Nigeria. West Afri. J. of Applied Ecol. 2008;12(1): 12-17.
Solomon SG, Okomoda VT, Ogbenyikwu AI. Intraspecific morphological variation between cultured and wild Clarias gariepinus (Burchell) (clariidae, siluriformes). Archives of Polish Fish. 2015;23:53-61.
Oladimeji TE, Awodiran MO, Komolafe OO. Genetic differentiation studies among natural populations of Tilapia zillii. Notulae Scientia Biologica. 2015;7(4):423-429.
Ukenye EA, Taiwo IA, Ezekiel MO, Udoezika UC. Morphological variation of ten Tilapia guineensis populations in selected rivers in Nigerian coastal waters. Intl. J. of Sci.: Bas. and App. Res. 2015;24(1):273-284.
Akanse NN, Eyo VO. Length-weight relationship, condition factor and length frequency distribution of the tongue sole Cynoglossus senegalensis from Akpa Yafe River, Bakassi, Cross River State, Nigeria. Asian J. of Adv. in Agric. Res. 2018;6(1):1-8.
Eyo VO, Akpan MM, Udoh IS. Some aspects of the biology of the female blue crab Callinectes amnicola from the Cross River estuary, Nigeria. Journal of Coastal Life Medicine. 2015;3:387–394.
Abowei FN, Hart AI. Some morphometric parameters of 10 finfish species from Nun River, Niger Delta, Nigeria. Res. J. of Bio. Sci. 2009;4(3):282-288.
Morato TP, Afonso P, Lourinho P, Barreiros JP, Santos RS, Nash RDM. Length-weight relationships for 21 coastal fish species of the Azores, North-Eastern Atlantic. Fish. Res. 2001;50:297-302.
Kolher N, Casey J, Turner P. Length-weight relationship for 13 species of sharks from the western North Atlantic. Fish Bulletin. 1995;93(2):412-418.
Petrakis G, Stergiou RI. Weight-length relationships for 33 fish species in Greek waters. Fish. Res. 1995;21(3-4):465-469.
Nash RD, Valencia AH, Geffen AJ. The origin of fulton’s condition factor setting the record straight. Fisheries. 2006;31:236-238.
Contreras-Reyes JE. Analyzing fish condition factor index through skew- gaussian information theory quantifiers. Fluctuation and Noise Letters. 2016;15(2):1650013.
Alam MM, Rahman MT, Parween S. Morphometric characters and condition factors of five freshwater fishes from Pagla river of Bangladesh. Intl. J. Aquat. Biol. 2014;2(1):14-19.
Adesulu EA, Sydenham DHJ. The fresh water and fisheries of Nigeria. MacMillan Nigeria Publishers, lagos, Nigeria. 2007; 397.
Olaosebikan BD, Raji A. Field guide to Nigerian freshwater fishes. Federal College of Freshwater Fisheries Technology, New Bussa, Nigeria. 1998;106.
Turan C, Gurlet M, Ergudin D, Yaghoglu D, Ozturk D. Systematic Status of species (Mugilidae) in the mediterranean sea. Turk. J. of Fish. and Aqua. Sci. 2011;11: 315-312.
Froese R. Cube law, condition factor and weight-length relationship: History, meta-analysis and recommendations. J. of Applied Ichthyology. 2006;22(4):241-253.
Pauly D. Fish population dynamics in tropical waters. A manual for use with programmable calculators. ICLARM,Studies and Reviews. 1984;325.
Hubbs CL, Lagler KF. Fishes of the great lakes region. Cranbrook Institute of Sci Bull. 1947;26:186.
Creech S. A multivariate morphometric investigation of atherina boyeri Risco.1810 and Presbyter cuvier 1829 (teloosei:atheridae) morphometric evidence in support of the two species, J. Fish Boi. 1992;41(3):341-353.
Bronte CR, Fleischer GW, Maistrenko SG, Pronin NM. Stock structure of lake baikal amul as determined by whole body morphology. J. fish Biol. 1999;54(4):787-798.
Hockaday S, Beddow TA, Stone M, Hancock P, Ross LG. Using truss networks to estimate the biomass of Oreochromis niloticus and to investigate shape characters. J. of Fish Biol. 2000;57(4): 981-1000.
Chambers RC. Phenotypic variability in fish populations and its representation in individual based models. J. Trans. of the Amer. Fish. Soc. 1993;122(3):404-414.
Adedeji HA, Thomas AI, Lucky UO, Olukayode AS. Comparative morphometric and meristic characteristics of redbelly tilapia, Coptodon zillii (Gervals, 1848) populations from some major water bodies in Nigeria. Intl. J. of Fish. and Aqua. Res. 2019;4(3):23-27.
Idowu AA, Abdul WO, Alimi AA, Tijani MO. Preliminary studies on red belly tilapia Coptodon zillii caught from Oyan Dam, Ogun State, Nigeria. J. Agric. Sci. and Env. 2017;18(1&2):1-15.
Jawad LA, Habbeb FS, Al-Mukhtar MA. Morphometric and meristic characters of two cichlids, Coptodon zillii and Oreochromis aureus collected from Shatt al-Arab River, Basrah, Iraq. Int. J. of Mar. Sci. 2018;8(2):12-24.
Naeem M, Asif HB, Muhammad FN. External morphology study of wild Labeocalbasu with reference to body weight, total length and condition factor from the River Chenab, Punjab, Pakistan. Int. J. of Bio., Biomol., Agric., Food and Biotech. Eng. 2012;6(7):429–432.
Swain D, Foote CJ. Stocks and chameleons: the use of phenotypic variation in stock identification. Fishery Res. 1999;43:113–128.
Fagbuaro O. Morphometric characteristics and meristic traits of Tilapia zillii from three major dams of a Southwestern State, Nigeria. J. Biological Sciences. 2015;8(1):1–7.
Akinrotimi OA, Ukwe O. Morphometric characters and meristic counts of black chin tilapia (sarotherodon page 7 of 8 melanotheron) from Buguma, Ogbakiri and Elechi Creeks, Rivers State, Nigeria. Int. J. Poul. Fish Sci. 2018;2(1):1-8. DOI: 10.15226/2578- 1898/2/1/00106
Scheiner SM. Genetics and evolution phenotype plasticity. Annual Rev. of Ecol. Sys. 1993;24(10):35-68.
Eyo JE. Congeneric discrimination of morphometric characters among members of the pisces genus: Clarias (Clariidae) in Anambra River, Nigeria. The Zoologist. 2003;2(1):1-17.
Yemi IY, Sani OA, Mshelia MB, Onimisi HU. The length-weight relationship and condition factor of the banded Jewel fish (Hemichromis Fasciatus) from Kainji Lake Nigeria. Conference Proceeding at Kebbi state. 2007:15-18.
Beacham TD. Meristic and morphometric variation in pink salmon (Oncorhynchus gorbuscha) in southern British Columbia and puget sound. Canadian J. of Zool. 1985;63(2):366-372.
Andem AB, George UU, Eyo VO. Length frequency distribution of (Chrysichthys nigrodigitatus) (lecepede, 1803) (Chrysichthys, Bagridae) from Itu head brigde, in Akwa Ibom state, Nigeria. Int. J. Sci. Res. 2013;2(9):258-260.
Eyo VO, Awom IE. Length-weight relationship, length frequency distribution and condition factor of the shiny nose Polydactylus Corporation; quadrafilis (Cuvier, 1829) from the Cross River Estuary, Nigeria. Int. J. Sci. Res. Sci. Eng Technol. 2016;2(7):373-378.
Enin UI. Length-weight parameters and condition factor of two West African prawns. Rev. Hydrobiol. Trop. 1994;27(2): 121-127.
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