Abundance, Species Diversity, and Conservation Status of Reef Fishes in Dumanquillas Bay, Zamboanga, Philippines
Asian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Research,
Page 14-27
DOI:
10.9734/ajfar/2022/v17i230398
Abstract
Zamboanga is one of the significant fishing grounds in the Mindanao Region, but little is known about the conservation status of reef fishes, particularly in Dumanquillas Bay, Zamboanga. Thus, this study assessed the abundance, species diversity, and conservation status of reef fishes in the bay. The assessment was conducted within eight sampling stations from May 6 to May 16, 2014. Reef fishes were censused using a line-intercept method. Fourteen thousand fifty individuals and 140 fish species belonging to 30 families were recorded―dominated by the family Pomacentridae. The number of fish individuals was significantly more abundant in Triton Island Station than in other sampling stations, while Muyong Island has the most diverse reef fishes. Almost all species are classified as the least concern category, except for Plectropomus areolatus of Cabog Island, which is under the vulnerable (VU) category. The number of less-valued species was higher than the commercially high-valued species. Therefore, it may indicate the overharvest of the latter group of species. This comprehensive study on reef fishes in Dumangquillas Bay may serve as a reference for fisheries resource management planning or for drafting fisheries policies in the bay.
Keywords:
- Biodiversity
- reef fish conservation and management
- Mindanao
How to Cite
Magallanes, S., Plasus, M. M., Rasad, A., Tomlod, J. V., & Gonzales, B. (2022). Abundance, Species Diversity, and Conservation Status of Reef Fishes in Dumanquillas Bay, Zamboanga, Philippines. Asian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Research, 17(2), 14-27. https://doi.org/10.9734/ajfar/2022/v17i230398
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Muallil RN, Tambihasan AM, Enojario MJ, Ong YN, Nañola CLJr. Inventory of commercially important coral reef fishes in Tawi-Tawi Islands, Southern Philippines: The Heart of the Coral Triangle. Fish Res. 2020;230:1-7.
DOI:10.1016/j.fishres.2020.105640
Nañola CLJr, Aliño PM, Carpenter KE. Exploitation-related reef fish species richness depletion in the epicenter of marine biodiversity. Environ Biol Fish. 2011;90:405–420.
DOI:10.1007/s10641-010-9750-6
Anticamara, JA, Zeller D, Vincent ACJ. Spatial and temporal variation of abundance, biomass and diversity within marine reserves in the Philippines. Divers Distrib. 2010;16:529–536.
DOI:10.1111/j.1472-4642.2010.00661.
Balisco RAT, Dolorosa RG. The reef-associated fishes of West Sulu Sea, Palawan, Philippines: a checklist and trophic structure. AACL Bioflux. 2019;12(4):1260-1299.
Gonzales BJ. Puerto Princesa Bay and Honda Bay, Palawan: An ecological profile. FRMP Technical Monograph Series, No. 8 (Ablaza, E. C. ed.);2004.
Eviota MP, Cuadrado JT, Adlaon MS. Species composition of coral reef fish in the Nonoc Island, Philippines. AACL Bioflux. 2021;14(5):2820-2825.
Gonzales BJ. Pag-asa Island and adjacent Reef Resource Assessment, Kalayaan Island Group, Kalayaan, Palawan. (Technical Report). 2008;1-73.
DOI:10.13140/RG.2.1.3124.8081
Muallil R, Mamauag S, Cabral RED, Aliño P. Status, trends and challenges in the sustainability of small-scale fisheries in the Philippines: insights from FISHDA model. Mar Policy. 2014;44:212–221.
Floeter SR, Behrens MD, Ferreira CEL, Paddack MJ, Horn MH.. Geographical gradients of marine herbivorous fishes: patterns and processes. Mar Biol. 2005;147,1435–1447.
DOI:10.1007/s00227-005-0027-0
Floeter SR, Ferreira CEL, Dominici-Arosemena A, Zalmon IR. Latitudinal gradients in Atlantic reef fish communities: trophic structure and spatial use patterns. J Fish Biol. 2004;64:1680–1699.
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Taylor CM, Holder TL, Fiorillo RA, Williams LR, Thomas RB, Warren, MLJr. Distribution, abundance, and diversity of stream fishes under variable environmental conditions. Can J Fish Aquat Sci. 2006; 63: 43–54.
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Pratchett MS, Munday PL, Wilson SK, Graham NAJ, Cinner JE, Bellwood DR. Effects of climateinduced coral bleaching on coral-reef fishes- Ecological and Economical Consequences. Oceanogr Mar Biol Annu Rev. 2008; 46: 251-296
Stella JS, Pratchett MS, Hutching PA, Jones GP. Coral-associated invertebrates: diversity, ecological importance and vulnerability to disturbance. Oceanogr Mar Biol Annu Rev. 2011;49:43-116.
Wilson SK, Graham NAJ, Pratchett MS, Jones GP, Polunin NVC. Multiple disturbances and global degradation of coral reefs: are reef fishes at risk or resilient? Glob Chang Biol. 2006;12:2220-2234.
Gonzales BJ, Gonzales MMG. Trends of coral, fish, and fisheries near and far from human developments in Coral Bay, Southwest Sulu Sea, Palawan, Philippines. AACL Bioflux. 2016;9(2):396-407.
Holbrook SJ, Brooks AJ, Schmitt RJ. Predictability of fish assemblages on coral patch reefs. Mar Freshw Res. 2002;53:181-188.
Thompson VJ, Munday PL, Jones GP. Habitat patch size and mating system as determinants of social group size in coral-dwelling fishes. Coral Reefs. 2007;26:165-174.
Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR), 5-Year Dumanquillas Bay Protected Landscape and Seascape Management Plan. Protected Area Superintendent Office, DENR - Region IX, Zamboanga, Philippines. Coral Triangle Initiative – Southeast Asia Project, ADB.2014;30 pp.
Dulvy NK, Metcalfe JD, Glanville J, Pawson MG, Reynolds JD. Fishery stability, local extinctions and shifts in community structure in skates. Conserv Biol. 2000;14:283–293.
DOI:10.1046/j.1523-1739.2000.98540.x
Hilborn R, Quinn TP, Schindler DE, Rogers DE. Biocomplexity and fisheries sustainability. PNAS. 2003;100(11):6564-6568.
DOI:10.1073/pnas.1037274100
Hiddink JG, MacKenzie BR, Rijnsdorp A, Bekkevold D, Dulvy NK, Nielsen EE, Heino M, Lorance P, Ojaveer H. Importance of fish biodiversity for the management of fisheries and ecosystems. Fish Res. 2008; 90:6–8.
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Accessed 18 December 2021.
Available:http://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-2.RLTS.T64411A100466794.en
Plasus MM, Gonzales BJ. Live Grouper Fisheries and Population Assessment Using Fishery-Dependent and Non-Fishery-Dependent Indicators: Northwest Sulu Sea, Philippines. Asian J Biodivers. 2020.
DOI: 10.7828/ajob.v10i1.1283
Anticamara, JA, Go KTB, Ongsyping SS, Valdecañas FAT, Madrid RGS.. National Patterns of Philippine Reef Fish Diversity and Its Implications on the Current Municipal-Level Management. Sci Diliman, 2015;27(1): 1-47.
PSA. Philippine Statistics Authority. PSA Statistical Databases. 2022. Accessed 03 April 2022
Available:https://openstat.psa.gov.ph/
DOI:10.1126/science.1132294
Pauly D. Global Fisheries: a brief review. J Biol Res -Thessalon. 2008;9:3-9.
Merino G, Barange M, Blanchard JL, Harle J, Holmes R, Allen I, Mullon C, Badjeck MC, Dulvy NK, Holt J, Jennings S, .Rodwell LD. Can marine fisheries and aquaculture meet fish demand from a growing human population in a changing climate? Glob Environ Chang. 2012;22:795-806.
King MG. Fisheries biology, assessment and management second edition. Oxford OX4 2DQ, UK: Blackwell;2007.
Gonzales BJ, Palla HP, Mishina H. Length-weight relationship of five serranids from Palawan Island, Philippines. Naga, ICLARM. 2000;23:26-28.
Rola AC, Narvaez TA, Naguit MRA, Elazegui DD, Brillo BBC, Paunlaguia MM, Jalotjot HC, Cervantesa CP. Impact of the closed fishing season policy for sardines in Zamboanga Peninsula, Philippines. Mar Policy, 2018;87:40-50. (Abstract) Accessed 17 December 2021.
Available:https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0308597X1730338X
Gray JS. Marine biodiversity: patterns, threats and conservation needs. Biodivers Conserv.1997;6:153-175.
Villanoy CL, Cabrera OC, Yñiguez A, Camoying M, de Guzman A, David LT, Flament P. Monsoon-Driven Coastal Upwelling Off Zamboanga Peninsula, Philippines. Oceanogr. 2011;24(1):156–165. (Abstract) Accessed 30 November 2021.
Available:http://www.jstor.org/stable/24861248
Bitantos BL, Torino FG, Tampus AD. Marine Resources and Utilization in Buug, Dumanquillas Bay, Philippines. Int J Biosci. 2020;17(3):124-123.
English S, Wilkinson C, Baker V. Survey Manual for Tropical Marine Resources. Townsville, Australia, Australian Institute of Marine Science, Townsville Australia; 1997.
Myers RF. Micronesian reef fishes. A comprehensive guide to the coral reef fishes of Micronesia. Coral Graphics, Barrigada, Guam;1999.
Lieske E, Myers R. Coral reef fishes. Revised edition. Princeton University Press;2002.
Kuiter RH, Tonozuka T. Pictorial guide to Indonesian reef fishes. Dive and Dive’s;2004.
Gonzales BJ. Palawan Food fishes. Philippine Information Agency; 2005.
Gonzales BJ. Field Guide to Coastal Fishes of Palawan. Coral Triangle Initiative on Coral Reefs, Fisheries, and Food Security, Quezon City, Philippines; 2013.
Horton T, Gofas S, Kroh A, Poore GC, Read G, Rosenberg G, Stöhr S, Bailly N, Boury-Esnault N, Brandão SN, Costello MJ, Decock W, Dekeyzer S, Hernandez F, Mees J, Paulay G, Vandepitte L, Vanhoorne B, Vranken S. Improving nomenclatural consistency: a decade of experience in the World Register of Marine Species. Eur J Taxon. 2017;389: 1–24.
DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2017.389.
Hammer Ø, Harper DAT, Ryan PD. Past: paleontological statistics software package for Education and data analysis. Palaeontol Electron. 2001;4(1):1-9.
Moore JC. Diversity, Taxonomic versus Functional. Ency Biodivers. 2013;648–656.
DOI:10.1016/b978-0-12-384719-5.00036-8.
Accessed 15 December 2021.
Available:https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780123847195000368
Froese R, Pauly D. FishBase. In:World Wide Web electronic publication. 2014. Accessed 12 December 2021.
Available: www.fishbase.org
IUCN. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Ver 2021-3. 2021. Accessed 26 December 2021.
Available: https://www.iucnredlist.org
IUCN. IUCN red list categories and criteria: ver.1. 2nd ed. Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK: IUCN. Iv; 2012.
Muallil RN, Tambihasan AM, Enojario MJ, Ong YN, Nañola CLJr. Inventory of commercially important coral reef fishes in Tawi-Tawi Islands, Southern Philippines: The Heart of the Coral Triangle. Fish Res. 2020;230:1-7.
DOI:10.1016/j.fishres.2020.105640
Jenkins A, Allen G, Myers R, Yeeting B, Carpenter KE. Amphiprion perideraion. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2017a;1-7. Accessed 12 December 2021.
Available:http://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-2.RLTS.T188340A1860821.en.
Jenkins A, Carpenter KE, Allen G, Yeeting B. Amblyglyphidodon aureus. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2017b;1-7. Accessed 12 December 2021.
Available:http://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-2.RLTS.T188580A1896599.en.
Rocha LA, Myers R. Chromis multilineata. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species; 2015. Accessed 18 December 2021. Available: http://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.20154.RLTS.T188607A1900985.en
Valentine JF, Heck KLJr. Perspective review of the impacts of overfishing on coral reef food web linkages. Coral Reefs. 2005;24:209–213.
DOI:10.1007/s00338-004-0468-9
Reynolds JD, Dulvy NK, Roberts CM. Exploitation and other threats to fish conservation. In: Hart P, Reynolds J, editors. Handbook of Fish Biology and Fisheries. 2:319–341. Blackwell Science, Oxford;2002.
Gonzales BJ. Notes on the occurrence of a rare Cardinal Fish at the Coral Bay, Southern Palawan, Philippines. Palawan Sci. 2014;6:60-62.
Go KTB, Anticamara JA, de Ramos JAJ, Gabona SF, Ago DF, Hererra EC, Bitara AU. Species richness and abundance of non-cryptic fish species in the Philippines: a global center of reef fish diversity. Biodivers Conserv. 2015;24:2475- 2495.
DOI:10.1007/s10531-015-0938-0
Gonzales BJ, Taniguchi N. Measuring the historical conservation status of dragonet fishes in Tosa Bay, Southwestern Japan: ecological and genetic approach. Palawan Sci. 2021;13(2):37- 52.
Recamara DB, De Guzman AB. Spatio-Temporal Patterns of Reef Fish Communities in Selected Marine Protected Areas in Iligan Bay, Northern Mindanao. J Environ Aquat Resour. 2015;3: 84-95.
DOI: 10.48031/msunjear.2015.03.08
Muallil RN, Tambihasan AM, Enojario MJ, Ong YN, Nañola CLJr. Inventory of commercially important coral reef fishes in Tawi-Tawi Islands, Southern Philippines: The Heart of the Coral Triangle. Fish Res. 2020;230:1-7.
DOI:10.1016/j.fishres.2020.105640
Nañola CLJr, Aliño PM, Carpenter KE. Exploitation-related reef fish species richness depletion in the epicenter of marine biodiversity. Environ Biol Fish. 2011;90:405–420.
DOI:10.1007/s10641-010-9750-6
Anticamara, JA, Zeller D, Vincent ACJ. Spatial and temporal variation of abundance, biomass and diversity within marine reserves in the Philippines. Divers Distrib. 2010;16:529–536.
DOI:10.1111/j.1472-4642.2010.00661.
Balisco RAT, Dolorosa RG. The reef-associated fishes of West Sulu Sea, Palawan, Philippines: a checklist and trophic structure. AACL Bioflux. 2019;12(4):1260-1299.
Gonzales BJ. Puerto Princesa Bay and Honda Bay, Palawan: An ecological profile. FRMP Technical Monograph Series, No. 8 (Ablaza, E. C. ed.);2004.
Eviota MP, Cuadrado JT, Adlaon MS. Species composition of coral reef fish in the Nonoc Island, Philippines. AACL Bioflux. 2021;14(5):2820-2825.
Gonzales BJ. Pag-asa Island and adjacent Reef Resource Assessment, Kalayaan Island Group, Kalayaan, Palawan. (Technical Report). 2008;1-73.
DOI:10.13140/RG.2.1.3124.8081
Muallil R, Mamauag S, Cabral RED, Aliño P. Status, trends and challenges in the sustainability of small-scale fisheries in the Philippines: insights from FISHDA model. Mar Policy. 2014;44:212–221.
Floeter SR, Behrens MD, Ferreira CEL, Paddack MJ, Horn MH.. Geographical gradients of marine herbivorous fishes: patterns and processes. Mar Biol. 2005;147,1435–1447.
DOI:10.1007/s00227-005-0027-0
Floeter SR, Ferreira CEL, Dominici-Arosemena A, Zalmon IR. Latitudinal gradients in Atlantic reef fish communities: trophic structure and spatial use patterns. J Fish Biol. 2004;64:1680–1699.
DOI:10.1111/j.1095-8649.2004.00428.x
Helfman GS, Collette BB, Facey DE, Bowen BW. The diversity of fishes: Biology, Evolution and Ecology. 2nd ed. Oxford, OX4 2DQ, UK;2009.
Taylor CM, Holder TL, Fiorillo RA, Williams LR, Thomas RB, Warren, MLJr. Distribution, abundance, and diversity of stream fishes under variable environmental conditions. Can J Fish Aquat Sci. 2006; 63: 43–54.
DOI:10.1139/F05-203
Kouam´elan EP, Teugels GG, N’Douba V, Goor´e Bi G, Kon´ T. Fish diversity and its relationships with environmental variables in a West African basin. Hydrobiologia. 2003;505:139– 146.
Komyakova V, Jones GP, Munday PL. Strong effects of coral species on the diversity and structure of reef fish communities: A multi-scale analysis. PLoS one. 2018;13(8):1-20.
DOI:10.5061/dryad.b305f.
Pratchett MS, Munday PL, Wilson SK, Graham NAJ, Cinner JE, Bellwood DR. Effects of climateinduced coral bleaching on coral-reef fishes- Ecological and Economical Consequences. Oceanogr Mar Biol Annu Rev. 2008; 46: 251-296
Stella JS, Pratchett MS, Hutching PA, Jones GP. Coral-associated invertebrates: diversity, ecological importance and vulnerability to disturbance. Oceanogr Mar Biol Annu Rev. 2011;49:43-116.
Wilson SK, Graham NAJ, Pratchett MS, Jones GP, Polunin NVC. Multiple disturbances and global degradation of coral reefs: are reef fishes at risk or resilient? Glob Chang Biol. 2006;12:2220-2234.
Gonzales BJ, Gonzales MMG. Trends of coral, fish, and fisheries near and far from human developments in Coral Bay, Southwest Sulu Sea, Palawan, Philippines. AACL Bioflux. 2016;9(2):396-407.
Holbrook SJ, Brooks AJ, Schmitt RJ. Predictability of fish assemblages on coral patch reefs. Mar Freshw Res. 2002;53:181-188.
Thompson VJ, Munday PL, Jones GP. Habitat patch size and mating system as determinants of social group size in coral-dwelling fishes. Coral Reefs. 2007;26:165-174.
Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR), 5-Year Dumanquillas Bay Protected Landscape and Seascape Management Plan. Protected Area Superintendent Office, DENR - Region IX, Zamboanga, Philippines. Coral Triangle Initiative – Southeast Asia Project, ADB.2014;30 pp.
Dulvy NK, Metcalfe JD, Glanville J, Pawson MG, Reynolds JD. Fishery stability, local extinctions and shifts in community structure in skates. Conserv Biol. 2000;14:283–293.
DOI:10.1046/j.1523-1739.2000.98540.x
Hilborn R, Quinn TP, Schindler DE, Rogers DE. Biocomplexity and fisheries sustainability. PNAS. 2003;100(11):6564-6568.
DOI:10.1073/pnas.1037274100
Hiddink JG, MacKenzie BR, Rijnsdorp A, Bekkevold D, Dulvy NK, Nielsen EE, Heino M, Lorance P, Ojaveer H. Importance of fish biodiversity for the management of fisheries and ecosystems. Fish Res. 2008; 90:6–8.
DOI:10.1016/j.fishres.2007.11.025
Rhodes K. Plectropomus areolatus. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species; 2018.
Accessed 18 December 2021.
Available:http://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-2.RLTS.T64411A100466794.en
Plasus MM, Gonzales BJ. Live Grouper Fisheries and Population Assessment Using Fishery-Dependent and Non-Fishery-Dependent Indicators: Northwest Sulu Sea, Philippines. Asian J Biodivers. 2020.
DOI: 10.7828/ajob.v10i1.1283
Anticamara, JA, Go KTB, Ongsyping SS, Valdecañas FAT, Madrid RGS.. National Patterns of Philippine Reef Fish Diversity and Its Implications on the Current Municipal-Level Management. Sci Diliman, 2015;27(1): 1-47.
PSA. Philippine Statistics Authority. PSA Statistical Databases. 2022. Accessed 03 April 2022
Available:https://openstat.psa.gov.ph/
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