Effects of Soybean Meal Substitution on the Growth and Survival of Clarias jaensis (Boulenger, 1909) Juveniles Using Chromolaena odorata Leaves Powder
Zango Paul
*
Tropical Aquaculture Centre of Bona’anja Siga Bonjo, University of Douala at Yabassi, Cameroon and Laboratory of Ecosystems and Fisheries Resources, Institute of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences of the University of Douala at Yabassi, Cameroon.
Mutlen Melvin
Laboratory of Ecosystems and Fisheries Resources, Institute of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences of the University of Douala at Yabassi, Cameroon.
Efole Ewoukem Thomas
Laboratory of Ecosystems and Fisheries Resources, Institute of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences of the University of Douala at Yabassi, Cameroon.
Ngnango Jean Blaise
Laboratory of Ecosystems and Fisheries Resources, Institute of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences of the University of Douala at Yabassi, Cameroon.
Miranda Keng Kukuru
Laboratory of Ecosystems and Fisheries Resources, Institute of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences of the University of Douala at Yabassi, Cameroon.
Tomedi Eyango Minette
Laboratory of Ecosystems and Fisheries Resources, Institute of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences of the University of Douala at Yabassi, Cameroon.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Aims: The aim was to contribute to the improvement of Clarias jaensis productivity through the evaluation of the effect of the substitution level of soybean meal by Chromolaena odorata leaves powder on the survival rate and growth characteristics of Clarias jaensis juveniles.
Place and Duration of the Study: From April to June 2019 at TAWON (LN: 5°10' - 5°20' and LE: 10°20' - 10°21'). Sudano-Guinean altitude zone of West Cameroon.
Study Design: Two hundred and twenty-five Clarias jaensis juveniles (12.44 ± 0.15g) were divided into five treatments corresponding to 0; 10; 15; 20 and 25% of substitution level of soybean meal by Chromolaena odorata leaves powder.
Methodology: They were fed twice a day (8:00 A.M. and 6:00 P.M.) at 5% of ichthyobiomass, total length, live body weight and physicochemical parameters were measured every tree week for 84 days.
Results: At the 15% substitution level of soybean meal, the survival rate was the highest (100%). Mean Final Weight and Mean Daily Weight Gain were significantly (P≤0.05) higher at 15% (45.73 ± 7.45g and 0.56 ± 0.31g/d). Specific Growth Rate and Condition factor K were higher at 25% (1.41 ± 0.68%/d and 1.08 ± 0.22%g/cm3), however, no significant differences were recorded. The cost of feed to produce one kg of C. jaensis was lower at 15% (609.61 Fcfa).
Conclusion: Soybean meal can be substituted by C. odorata leaves powder at 15% in feed for C. jaensis juveniles.
Keywords: Chromolaena odorata, Clarias jaensis, feeding, growth, leaves powder