Lead a Heavy Burden: The Science, Struggles and Solutions for a Cleaner Future
J. Jeevitha *
Dr. MGR Fisheries College & Research Institute, Ponneri, TNJFU, India.
A. Akila
Dr. MGR Fisheries College & Research Institute, Ponneri, TNJFU, India.
S. Aruna
Department of Aquatic Environment Management, Dr. MGR Fisheries College & Research Institute, Ponneri, TNJFU, India.
Ng Chinglembi Devi
Dr. MGR Fisheries College & Research Institute, Ponneri, TNJFU, India.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Human activities bring a growing risk of heavy metal harm to water systems worldwide, especially from lead. Freed lead settles and builds up in water bodies, posing a danger to organisms higher in the food chain. Lead poison causes cell strain and harms nerve cell; in addition, it weakens the defence systems of aquatic organisms, which lowers their health and upsets the balance of life. New methods such as cleaning pollutants with microbes, plants and enzymes as well as nanotechnology-based solutions offer possible ways to cut lead waste. Other rules like the Clean Water Act or Resource Conservation and Recovery Act intend to stop or control lead waste. This paper explores the sources, accumulation mechanisms, impacts and innovative technologies to lower lead waste in aquatic systems. Essential steps to remove lead pollution benefit nature’s health as well as human health, giving lasting improvements for water habitats plus overall public health.
Keywords: Lead, toxic, impact, bioremediation, technology and rules