Asian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Research

This study aims to analyze the general profile and human capital condition of small-scale gillnet fishermen in the coastal area of Karangsong, Indramayu Regency, West Java. The research adopts the Sustainable Livelihood Framework (SLF), focusing on five types of livelihood assets, with a particular emphasis on human capital. This study was conducted between January and February 2025 using a descriptive quantitative approach through surveys and interviews with 50 purposively selected fishermen. The results indicate that most fishermen are within the productive age group (31–50 years), yet have low formal education levels and limited access to training and healthcare services. Overall, the human capital score was relatively low (57.85%), as measured using a five-point Likert scale based on indicators of education, health, skills, and training, making it the most vulnerable asset compared to others. The score was derived using a five-point Likert scale across selected indicators including education, training, health access, and adaptive capacity. Although fishermen possess strong local knowledge, their limited education and skill development hinder their ability to adapt to technological and market changes. Therefore, enhancing human capital through non-formal education, locally tailored training programs, and integration of traditional knowledge with modern fishing technologies is a strategic effort to support the sustainable livelihoods of small-scale fishermen.